Current Projects
Gallagher CA, Weinbaum C & Douds A. A national evaluation
of predictors of Hepatitis B vaccination policies and practices in juvenile
justice
residential facilities.
- 23,179 young people placed in 986 facilities NOT providing hepatitis
B vaccination
- 25,333 young people placed in 455 facilities in which ALL young
people receive hepatitis B vaccination (practice)
- Detention centers are less likely than other types of facilities
to provide hepatitis B vaccination
- Facility size positively related to hepatitis B vaccination
- State owned and operated most likely to provide hepatitis B
- Many young people in residential facilities receive hepatitis
B vaccinations outside the facility
Douds A, Gallagher CA, Stevens H, Willis B & Stokley S. A qualitative
study of barriers to vaccine provision in juvenile justice residential
facilities.
Qualitative data gathered from juvenile justice residential facilities
in 10 states gathered as part of pretesting changes to the JRFC are
used to describe obstacles to providing vaccines. The most serious
barrier
appears to be attitudinal, with many facilities (particularly those
holding pre-adjudicated youth) noting that their obligation is strictly
to provide
emergent health care. Both real and misconceived issues surrounding
consent and legal versus physical custody follow this, as do privacy
issues loosely
attributed to HPPA. A more global barrier to vaccine provision is
the failure to realize automated registries – a problem especially
troublesome for this high-risk and underserved mobile population.
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Gallagher CA, Dobrin A, & Douds A. Health care in non-detention
juvenile justice residential facilities.
An evaluation of health care practices by facility type for all non-detention
facilities (reception/diagnostic, group homes/halfway houses, residential
treatment centers, boot camps, shelters). Correlates to care provision
are described within and across facility types and are compared to health
care in the detention setting.
Gallagher CA, Dobrin A & Douds A. Making the grade in mental heath:
A national study of standards of services in juvenile justice residential
facilities.
Are juvenile justice residential facilities providing a minimum standard
of mental health care service? This study uses data from multiple administrations
of the JRFC to describe and model facility mental health care practices.
Gallagher CA. The use of emergency services for non-urgent health issues
in juvenile justice residential facilities.
Controlling for facility health care infrastructure, and other correlates
to service provision, this study examines the conditions under which
juvenile justice residential facilities rely on emergency health care
for non-urgent care.
Stevens H, Gallagher CA & Douds A. Suicide prevention in juvenile
justice facilities: A review of current practices in 10 states within
the framework of national guidelines.
This study provides an overview of current suicide prevention practices
in a sample of juvenile justice residential facilities in 10 states.
Results are structured in terms of national guidelines and/or common
practices. The available research speaking to the need and efficacy of
these guidelines is also discussed.
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Gallagher CA, Dobrin A, Hayes L & Roush D. The relationship
between age and timing of suicide in juvenile justice residential facilities.
Two data sources collected through different methods and over different
time periods (the Juvenile Residential Facility Census and data collected
by Hayes on 80 suicide cases in juvenile justice residential facilities)
are used to explore the relationship between age and timing of suicide
deaths after admission to facilities. Both data sources reveal a significant
positive association between age and days in the facility: Young residents
are significantly more likely to kill themselves sooner (the 0 to 20
day period) in their stay than older residents. Controlling for average
length of stay by age of population does not ameliorate the relationship.
Results are discussed in terms of suicide prevention guidelines.
Dobrin A, Gallagher CA, Douds A. Age, race, and sex-specific rates of
death in juvenile justice residential facilities.
Until recently, data were not available to calculate the risk of death
for subgroups within the juvenile justice residential facility population.
This study uses data from the CJRP and JRFC to calculate overall and
subpopulation rates of death by type of death for young people in confinement,
and makes comparisons to the general population of adolescecnts.
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Dobrin A, Gallagher CA & Douds A. A typology of juvenile justice
residential facilities: Making sense of a complex system for better planning
and policy development.
There is a tendency for researchers and policymakers to rely on a simple
dichotomous classification of juvenile justice facilities: detention
and non-detention. While this is arguably the neatest division of facility
types, it masks very important differences across facilities, particularly
for non-detention facilities. The result is an oversimplification of
the universe of correctional options and policies that are not fully
developed to meet the differences across and within facility types. A
typology of facility types is developed using data from the JRFC and
CJRP to describe facilities in terms of purpose and structure related
to service provision and populations served.
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Douds A, Gallagher CA, Willis B, Stokley S & Dobrin A . The relationships
between county public health and juvenile justice residential facilities:
How local agencies provide vaccines to high-risk young people in non-traditional
settings.
This study is a follow-up to pretesting vaccine questions for the 2006
JRFC. It was found that locally run juvenile justice facilities had poorly
developed or no relationship with local public health agencies, and even
worse relationships with state-level agencies. A survey was conducted
of county public health agencies immunization providers to assess their
awareness of the juvenile justice residential facility population and
whether and how they provide services.
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Douds A, Gallagher CA & Stevens H. A quantitative analysis of case
law on suicide among juveniles in confinement.
The rate of suicide and suicide attempts resulting in serious injury
is significantly higher among children and adolescents housed in juvenile
justice confinement than their counterparts in the general population.
While professional organizations and state and local agencies promote
precautions such as screening and physical design safety, the courts
are in a unique position to set practical guidelines through the decisions
they make on specific cases. This study uses quantitative methods to
describe how courts have responded to cases brought on behalf of young
people who have either died from suicide or who have been seriously injured
as a result of a suicide attempt while in juvenile justice confinement.
The sample used represents the universe of reported cases meeting several
search criteria. Cases are coded to reflect the complexity of the legal
system. A description of court behavior is provided along with predictors
of case outcomes.
Douds, A. Overcoming the consent issue through gaining temporary legal
custody for health care services: The conditions under which judges will
grant custody for immunization provision.
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Page last modified
July 17, 2009 4:28 PM
